Interleukin-6 Levels in the Temporomandibular Joint After Injection of Chlorella vulgaris and Platelet-Rich Fibrin

نویسندگان

  • Siti Rakhmawati A.
  • Edy Machmud
  • Ike Damayanti Habar
  • Irfan Dammar

DOI::

https://doi.org/10.5195/d3000.2026.1318

کلمات کلیدی:

Temporomandibular Joint, Temporomandibular Dysfunction, Inflammation

چکیده

Objective: To analyze IL-6 level changes following combined intra-articular injection of C. vulgaris gel 15% and I-PRF in a Cavia cobaya TMJ inflammation model, and to evaluate dose-dependent effects at gel volumes of 0.1 cc, 0.3 cc, and 0.5 cc. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five male Cavia cobaya were divided into five groups (n = 5): negative control (formalin only), positive control (I-PRF alone), and three treatment groups receiving I-PRF combined with C. vulgaris gel 15% at 0.1 cc, 0.3 cc, or 0.5 cc. Inflammation was induced by intra-articular formalin 1% injection. IL-6 was assessed by immunohistochemistry at baseline, Day 1, and Day 3 post-treatment. Data were analyzed using paired sample t-tests, independent sample t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and the Wilcoxon test. Results: Formalin injection significantly elevated IL-6 across groups. At Day 3, the I-PRF group and I-PRF + CV 0.1 cc group showed significantly lower IL-6 than control (p = 0.040). Significant within-group IL-6 reductions over time were found in the I-PRF (p = 0.012), I-PRF + CV 0.1 cc (p < 0.001), and I-PRF + CV 0.5 cc (p = 0.005) groups. The I-PRF + CV 0.1 cc group achieved the lowest Day 3 mean IL-6 value (2.17 ± 0.56). The I-PRF + CV 0.3 cc group showed no significant reductions. Conclusion: Combined I-PRF and C. vulgaris gel 15% effectively reduced IL-6 in a Cavia cobaya TMJ inflammation model. The 0.1 cc dose produced the most significant anti-inflammatory response, with a non-linear dose-response pattern suggesting an optimal therapeutic window for this combination.

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چاپ شده

2026-05-29

شماره

دوره 14 شماره 1 (2026)

نوع مقاله

Adults & the Elderly

مجوز

حق نشر 2026 Siti Rakhmawati A., Edy Machmud, Ike Damayanti Habar, Irfan Dammar

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