Tilted Versus Axial Dental Implants in Compromised Alveolar Ridges
A Five-Year Comparative Study
DOI::
https://doi.org/10.5195/d3000.2026.1518کلمات کلیدی:
Dental Implants, Tooth Loss, Prosthodonticsچکیده
This study aimed to compare the long-term clinical performance, marginal bone stability, and survival rates of tilted versus axial dental implants placed in compromised alveolar ridges over a 5-year follow-up period, while concurrently evaluating patient-centered treatment outcomes. A cohort of 300 patients who underwent implant-supported fixed rehabilitation at a specialized private clinic in Baghdad was evaluated. Preoperative treatment planning utilized comprehensive clinical examinations and three-dimensional Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). A total of 549 implants were analyzed (372 axial, 177 tilted). Clinical and radiographic evaluations were conducted at regular intervals up to 60 months post-loading. Implant success criteria were defined based on clinical immobility, absence of persistent peri-implant pathology, and marginal bone loss (MBL) not exceeding 2.0 mm at 5 years. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0, utilizing Chi-square testing for categorical survival comparisons (p < 0.05). High cumulative survival rates were achieved in both groups at the 5-year mark. Axial implants demonstrated a survival rate of 97.58% ($n = 363/372$), whereas tilted implants exhibited a survival rate of 97.74% ($n = 173/177$), revealing no statistically significant difference between the configurations ($p > 0.05$). Tilted implants successfully optimized the utilization of native bone in anatomically compromised regions, eliminating the need for supplementary grafting. Furthermore, this approach significantly minimized surgical morbidity, abbreviated the comprehensive treatment timeline, and yielded superior patient acceptance. Tilted dental implants represent a highly reliable, structurally sound, and minimally invasive modality for the long-term rehabilitation of severely resorbed alveolar ridges. Their 5-year clinical survival and marginal bone stability are fully comparable to conventional axial implants, while offering distinct patient-centered advantages, including reduced surgical trauma, eliminated grafting requirements, and expanded treatment accessibility for elderly or medically compromised individuals.
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حق نشر 2026 Natheer Ayed Jasim
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